G2T: Tissue Reconstruction from Gene Expression via Embedding-Distance Flow Matching
S. Birk, F. J. Theis, M. Lotfollahi
Machine Learning in Computational Biology (MLCB)2026Conference paper
Reconstructs the spatial arrangement of cells in a tissue from gene expression alone, by predicting the distance between every pair of cells and recovering coordinates from that matrix.
bioRxivCode
Learning Discrete Cell and Niche Codes from Spatial Transcriptomics Using Dual Residual Vector Quantization
S. Birk, A. Merchant, A. Vahidi, F. J. Theis, M. Lotfollahi
Machine Learning in Computational Biology (MLCB)2026Conference paper
Each cell receives a short tuple of integers for its own identity and for its niche, giving a vocabulary that holds across sections and lets a query sample be matched to a reference by comparing code distributions.
bioRxivCode
Multi-scale modeling of human tissues from spatial transcriptomics with TERRA
S. Birk, M. V. Sanian, A. Vahidi, S. Ogden, D. J. Jafree, A. Miraki Feriz, et al.
bioRxiv2026Preprint
A foundation model pretrained on 112 million human cells that represents genes, cells and their spatial neighbourhoods from a single set of weights.
bioRxivCode
Graph Tokenization Meets JEPA: Self-Supervised Learning on Spatial Cell Graphs
S. Birk, A. Vahidi, M. V. Sanian, A. Merchant, M. Lotfollahi
ICML 2026 Workshop on Graph Foundation ModelsWorkshop
ST-JEPA turns a cell and its spatial neighbours into a token sequence and learns by predicting the masked parts in latent space, giving representations at gene, cell and neighbourhood resolution without hand-designed augmentations.
PDF
SQUINT: Spatial Quantization for Understanding and IN-painting Tissues
A. Merchant, S. Birk, A. Vahidi, D. Jafree, L. Steele, A. R. Foster, V. Baskar, et al.
ICLR 2026 Workshop on Machine Learning for Genomics ExplorationsWorkshop
Vector quantisation of cell embeddings from a graph neural network turns a tissue into a sequence of tokens, which SQUINT then uses to fill in gene expression at spatial locations it has not seen.
Code
Hidden immune memory niches in inflammatory skin diseases
L. Steele, A. R. Foster, K. Roberts, C. Admane, S. Birk, P. V. Mazin, A. Akbarnejad, C. Tudor, et al.
bioRxiv2026Preprint
A spatial atlas of around five million human skin cells uncovers immune niches inside sebaceous and sweat glands that standard histopathology does not reveal, which expand in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis and are still present twelve weeks after treatment.
bioRxiv