AI × Bio | Machine Learning Scientist & Engineer

Sebastian Birk

Principal Research Scientist · Wellcome Sanger Institute

Portrait of Sebastian Birk

I build machine learning methods that read the spatial organisation of human tissue — where cells sit, which neighbourhoods they form, and what those neighbourhoods do.

I work in the Lotfollahi Lab at the Wellcome Sanger Institute on generative models and graph learning for spatial and single-cell genomics. My doctoral work, with the Theis Lab at the Technical University of Munich, produced NicheCompass, a method for characterising cell niches that keeps its learned representations interpretable rather than trading interpretability away for accuracy.

More recently I have been working on foundation models for tissue — TERRA, discrete tokenization of cells and niches, and generative reconstruction of tissue from expression alone.

  • Spatial genomics
  • Single-cell genomics
  • Generative modeling
  • Graph learning
  • Computational biology

Multi-scale modeling of human tissues from spatial transcriptomics with TERRA

S. Birk, M. V. Sanian, A. Vahidi, S. Ogden, D. J. Jafree, A. Miraki Feriz, et al.

bioRxiv2026Preprint

A graph-transformer foundation model that reads tissue structure from spatial transcriptomics across scales, from single cells to whole tissues.

Mapping and reprogramming human tissue microenvironments with MintFlow

A. Akbarnejad, L. Steele, D. J. Jafree, S. Birk, M. R. Sallese, K. Rademaker, A. Boxall, B. Rumney, C. Tudor, M. Patel, M. Prete, S. Makarchuk, C. Y. C. Lee, J. Maaskola, T. Li, H. Stanley, A. R. Foster, K. Roberts, A. L. Trinh, C. E. Villa, G. Testa, S. Mahil, A. Mehrjou, C. Smith, S. Vakili, M. R. Clatworthy, T. Mitchell, O. A. Bayraktar, M. Haniffa, M. Lotfollahi

bioRxiv2025Preprint

Disentangles the gene expression a cell owes to its microenvironment from what is intrinsic to it, making tissue niches something you can steer rather than only observe.

Quantitative characterization of cell niches in spatially resolved omics data

S. Birk, I. Bonafonte-Pardàs, A. Miraki Feriz, A. Boxall, E. Agirre, F. Memi, A. Maguza, A. Yadav, E. Armingol, R. Fan, G. Castelo-Branco, F. J. Theis, O. A. Bayraktar, C. Talavera-López, M. Lotfollahi

Nature Genetics 57(4), 897–9092025Journal

NicheCompass — a graph deep-learning method that learns interpretable cell-niche representations from spatial omics, grounded in known cell–cell communication programs.